"Even a person who completely does not understand architectural drawings can intuitively experience the construction effect." A relevant person in charge recently stated at the construction site of Huacheng Road Station on Line 9 in Qingdao, Shandong Province, "We use the feature of BIM technology to generate high-definition renderings, structural drawings, node drawings, construction method hierarchy drawings, and other process node detail drawings, allowing a flat drawing to instantly appear in three dimensions before the eyes, and construction personnel can observe the details of each node from all angles without blind spots."
The National Housing and Urban-Rural Development Work Conference held last year required doing a good job in smart construction pilots and refining a batch of practical technologies that can be promoted. Some cities have fully leveraged the role of BIM technology as a data carrier for the digital management of engineering construction projects, promoting the application of BIM in all stages such as permit application, drawing review, design, and construction. They have promoted the transformation of the construction industry toward industrialization, digitalization, and green development, facilitated quality and efficiency improvements in engineering construction, and provided strong support for the development of smart construction. At this year's National Two Sessions, multiple deputies and committee members suggested advancing full-life-cycle digital supervision of smart construction and promoting the application of BIM technology in all stages from permit application to delivery.
Assisting permit application and drawing review
At the end of last year, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development launched a pilot reform for full-life-cycle digital management of engineering construction projects, focusing on promoting BIM-based permit application and intelligent assisted review. It required the use of BIM deliverable submission and intelligent assisted review in stages such as design scheme review, construction drawing review, completion acceptance, and archive handover, improving BIM deliverable and technical review standards, and exploring innovative regulatory models and institutional mechanisms for BIM-based building full-life-cycle approval and supervision.
In Jiangdong New Area, Haikou, Hainan, in order to accelerate informatization in the engineering construction field and promote the application of BIM-based intelligent review technology for permit applications within the park, it is required that all new building projects (including industrial buildings) and municipal projects within the Jiangdong New Area scope shall use the BIM permit application intelligent review system to conduct review of approval matters such as planning schemes, fire protection, and civil air defense. Specific requirements were also put forward for BIM permit application work concerning construction project planning permits, building project fire protection design review, construction permit issuance, civil air defense basement construction permit application approval, and completion acceptance filing of building construction and municipal infrastructure projects.
Shanghai also recently launched an intelligent assisted review subsystem based on BIM technology in its engineering construction project approval and management system, further improving the efficiency of construction drawing review and the quality of survey and design. It is required that for new, renovated, and expanded building construction projects implementing BIM technology application, the construction unit and design unit shall carry out modeling in disciplines such as architecture, structure, water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical engineering for BIM intelligent assisted review. At the same time, design units shall standardize drawing preparation and establish structural calculation models for intelligent review using structural calculation models in the structural discipline.
In addition, Shanghai also requires relevant units to increase publicity and implementation of intelligent assisted review, accelerate the improvement of BIM technology application capabilities of construction units and design units, as well as the intelligent assisted review capabilities of construction drawing review institutions. All participating units shall accelerate the transformation of application results of BIM intelligent assisted review, apply the BIM model "from one end to the other" throughout the entire life cycle of engineering project construction, and form a virtuous cycle in the application of BIM technology. They shall gradually explore the use of internationally accepted BIM standards in BIM intelligent assisted review.
Optimizing design and construction
In the traditional architectural design and construction process, coordination among various stages is time-consuming and labor-intensive. With the application of BIM technology, all relevant information is integrated on a unified platform, and all teams can share and update information in real time, thereby simplifying the coordination process. While ensuring project construction safety, it effectively improves construction profits and injects momentum into integrated design and construction.
Recently, the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Changsha City, Hunan Province, issued a notice on accelerating the application of building information modeling technology in building construction projects and municipal facility projects, requiring the widespread application of BIM technology to be promoted in the design stage. Design units shall implement the forward application of BIM in design projects, fully apply BIM technology and related requirements to carry out in-depth analysis and model optimization in the scheme design, preliminary design, and construction drawing design stages, minimize errors, omissions, clashes, and missing items, and carry out related applications such as floor clear height analysis, complex pipeline optimization, visual application, and quantity statistics. When delivering project scheme design, preliminary design, and construction drawing design results, two-dimensional drawings and three-dimensional models as well as other digital results shall be delivered at the same time, achieving consistency between drawings and models and ensuring the transferability of models.
In the construction stage, construction units shall, in accordance with the principles of "consistency between drawings and models" and "construction according to drawings," further build BIM models on the basis of construction drawing design models, and promote the application of BIM-based smart construction sites, construction robots, drones, and other technologies in construction site scenarios. They shall connect with the smart construction site platform, strengthen the application of BIM in construction organization design and hazardous sub-projects, carry out dynamic control of progress, quality, safety, and project cost, conduct management of personnel, materials, vehicles, and other entry and exit, equipment safety and energy consumption environment monitoring, as well as various related applications such as visualization of construction machinery, automatic hazard monitoring and warning, and virtual safe construction, so as to realize interactive visual and information-based management of the construction process. All participating parties shall jointly use the BIM-based project collaborative management platform to improve collaborative work efficiency.
At Huacheng Road Station on Line 9 in Qingdao, the project department actively promoted the application of BIM technology in actual construction, ranging from temporary facility layout to scheme changes, using BIM technology to solve difficulties at the construction site and improve construction quality and economic benefits.
"The use of BIM technology is equivalent to rehearsing each process of construction operations. Before rebar installation construction, modeling through BIM technology is used to discover problems in actual operations in advance." The project manager stated that in order to ensure safety, orderliness, and project quality, during the construction process the project department continuously strengthened its BIM technology level, fully adopted video briefings for some key nodes, complex structures, and special processes, achieving preparation before the event, control during the event, and review after the event, greatly improving construction efficiency.
"BIM technology modeling analysis and construction application saved the project about 2 months of schedule." Among these, through BIM technology animation simulation of installation, especially the installation sequence of each steel component node, the 15 days required for conventional installation was shortened to 4 days, effectively safeguarding construction nodes. The project department used BIM technology to improve construction technologies and methods in a targeted manner as well as the project's own risks and surrounding environmental risks, effectively improving construction quality, ensuring construction safety, and achieving obvious economic benefits.
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