The Government Work Report submitted for deliberation on March 5 proposes adhering to the people-centered development philosophy, fulfilling the duties of ensuring basic living standards and providing a safety net, taking more measures that benefit and warm the hearts of the people, solidly advancing common prosperity, promoting social harmony and stability, and continuously enhancing the people's sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security.
In this year's Government Work Report, a series of measures respond to the livelihood needs of multiple groups and at multiple levels. Focusing on the forceful and warm livelihood details in the report, a "livelihood checklist" comes into clear view.
Employment: Strengthen policy measures to promote youth employment, expand the pilot program for occupational injury protection for workers in new forms of employment
Employment is the most basic of people's livelihoods. This year's main development targets include creating more than 12 million new urban jobs. The report states that the number of college graduates this year is expected to exceed 11.7 million, and policy measures to promote youth employment must be strengthened. Service and support measures for flexible employment shall be improved by category, and the pilot program for occupational injury protection for workers in new forms of employment shall be expanded.
Jin Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and vice president of Southern University of Science and Technology, said that currently the overall pressure on employment has not eased and structural contradictions still exist. On the basis of continued intensification, this year's employment stabilization policies have enhanced their pertinence in resolving structural contradictions in employment; a series of arrangements are precisely targeted to promote the matching of labor supply and demand, provide greater support for the employment of key groups such as college graduates and for the protection of the rights and interests of workers in new forms of business, and help achieve high-quality full employment.
Education: Improve the operating conditions of rural boarding schools, promote the inclusive development of preschool education
The report proposes improving the operating conditions of rural boarding schools, continuing to deepen the "double reduction" policy, promoting the inclusive development of preschool education, and strengthening the construction of county-level regular high schools. A pilot program for comprehensive reform of higher education shall be implemented. Digital education shall be vigorously developed.
Lan Zhen, a CPPCC member and Party secretary of the Zhangzhou Experimental Primary School in Fujian Province, suggested consolidating and raising the coverage rate of inclusive kindergartens, improving the per-student funding system for public kindergartens, and, through government purchase of services, achieving free preschool education coverage in more areas, so as to accelerate the building of a public service system for preschool education that covers both urban and rural areas, has a reasonable layout, and is public-interest and inclusive.
Wang Xiaomei, a deputy to the National People's Congress and vice principal of Qingshen Middle School in Meishan City, Sichuan Province, suggested promoting on a regular basis the improvement of teaching and living conditions in boarding schools, so as to ensure the healthy growth and all-round development of rural students.
Medical care: Implement and improve settlement for medical treatment in places other than one's own, promote mutual recognition of examination and test results
The report proposes raising the per capita fiscal subsidy standard for residents' medical insurance by 30 yuan. The national centralized drug procurement system shall be improved. Settlement for medical treatment in places other than one's own shall be implemented and improved. Mutual recognition of examination and test results shall be promoted. The coordinated linkage of medical services in counties, townships, and villages shall be strengthened, and the variety of medicines for chronic and common diseases in primary-level medical and health institutions shall be expanded.
Wang Xiaopin, a CPPCC member and former Party secretary of Guang'anmen Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, said that cross-provincial settlement of medical insurance has effectively solved the problem of insured people having to "run errands and advance money" when seeking medical treatment outside their own localities. She suggested next coordinating the medical insurance reimbursement policies for difficult and rare diseases; continuing to support the construction of national regional medical centers and provincial-level regional medical centers to solve the problem of unbalanced medical resources, so that people can make fewer trips for medical treatment and reimbursement.
"Mutual recognition of examination and test results among different medical institutions avoids duplicate examinations and waste of resources," said Fu Xiaoyun, a CPPCC member and vice president of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University. He said that there are still some "blockages" in the mutual recognition of examination and test results, and that information technology development needs to be strengthened to further break down data barriers.
Elderly care: Implement the private pension system nationwide, vigorously develop the silver economy
The report proposes raising the monthly minimum standard of basic pensions for urban and rural residents by 20 yuan and continuing to raise the basic pensions of retirees. The private pension system shall be implemented nationwide. Efforts to strengthen weak links in rural elderly care services shall be increased. The silver economy shall be vigorously developed. The establishment of a long-term care insurance system shall be advanced.
The private pension system has been implemented since November 2022 in 36 localities including Beijing and Shanghai, meeting residents' diversified elderly care needs to a certain extent. Bai Tao, a CPPCC member and chairman of China Life Insurance Group, suggested promptly summarizing experience, appropriately raising the upper limit of contribution amounts, increasing tax incentives, continuously enhancing the attractiveness of products, and raising the public's enthusiasm for participation.
China has nearly 300 million elderly people, and the diversified, differentiated, and personalized needs of the elderly group are breeding new opportunities for the development of the silver economy. Luo Yunfeng, a deputy to the National People's Congress and mayor of Hefei, said that the silver economy covers a wide range, has a long industrial chain, and diverse business forms. Based on the demand characteristics of the elderly group, priority should be given to developing potential industries such as smart health elderly care, rehabilitation assistive devices, elderly care finance, and senior tourism.
Childbearing: Optimize the childbirth leave system, increase the supply of childcare services through multiple channels
The report proposes improving childbirth support policies, optimizing the childbirth leave system, improving the mechanism for reasonably sharing the employment costs of business entities, increasing the supply of childcare services through multiple channels, and reducing the burdens of childbearing, child-rearing, and education on families.
Yang Shanhong, a deputy to the National People's Congress and vice mayor of Fuyang City, Anhui Province, suggested that through measures such as cash subsidies, personal income tax deductions, and corporate income tax reductions and exemptions, the costs of childbearing be reasonably shared by individuals, enterprises, and the government; that policies such as childbirth leave be truly implemented; that the supply of childcare services be increased and their quality improved; and that the integration of childcare and preschool education be actively promoted to form a service network of multiple forms, effectively alleviating young people's worries about childbearing.
Consumption: Actively cultivate new consumption growth points, implement the paid leave system
The report proposes actively cultivating new consumption growth points such as smart homes, cultural and entertainment tourism, sports events, and trendy domestic products. The expansion and quality improvement of services such as elderly care, child care, and domestic services shall be promoted, and social forces shall be supported in providing community services. The paid leave system shall be implemented.
Qu Yongyi, a CPPCC member and Party secretary of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that stimulating consumption potential and promoting steady consumption growth is conducive to enhancing the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth. The series of consumption expansion arrangements in the report make concerted efforts in many aspects such as enhancing consumption capacity, improving the consumption environment, boosting willingness to consume, and optimizing the consumption structure, which is expected to further unleash China's super-large market potential and support the sustained recovery and improvement of economic performance.
Environmental protection: Strengthen the treatment of solid waste, new pollutants, and plastic pollution, and advance the green transformation of the industrial structure, energy structure, and more
The report proposes reducing energy consumption per unit of GDP by about 2.5%. The treatment of solid waste, new pollutants, and plastic pollution shall be strengthened. The three major landmark campaigns of the "Three-North" project shall be organized and carried out well. The green transformation of the industrial structure, energy structure, transportation structure, and urban and rural construction and development shall be advanced. The "Ten Major Actions for Carbon Peaking" shall be solidly carried out. A carbon footprint management system shall be established.
Wu Daishe, a CPPCC member and vice president of Pingxiang University in Jiangxi, said that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" has become a green consensus across society. It is necessary to coordinate and advance green and low-carbon development in key areas and continue to deepen the battle against pollution. Regarding the report's mention of strengthening the treatment of new pollutants, Wu Daishe suggested fully and thoroughly implementing the environmental management registration system for new chemical substances, raising public awareness of new pollutant treatment, and strengthening the use and promotion of alternative materials.
Agriculture, rural areas, and farmers: Appropriately raise the minimum purchase price of wheat, launch a province-wide pilot for extending land contracts for another 30 years after the second round expires
The report proposes appropriately raising the minimum purchase price of wheat, implementing cost and income insurance policies for the three major staple grains nationwide, and improving the mechanism for guaranteeing the incomes of grain farmers. A province-wide pilot for extending land contracts for another 30 years after the second round expires shall be launched. The construction of charging piles, cold-chain logistics, and delivery and distribution facilities shall be strengthened, and the earthquake-resistant renovation of rural housing shall be intensified.
Zhao Lixin, a deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that comprehensive rural revitalization aims to benefit agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. Launching the province-wide pilot for extending land contracts for another 30 years after the second round expires is conducive to further enhancing the expectations and vitality of agricultural development. The report's proposal to appropriately raise the minimum purchase price of wheat helps stabilize expectations for grain-growing incomes and ensure national food security.
Housing: Meet residents' rigid housing demand and diversified demand for improved housing
The report proposes accelerating the construction of a new model for real estate development. The construction and supply of government-subsidized housing shall be increased, the basic systems related to commercial housing shall be improved, and residents' rigid housing demand and diversified demand for improved housing shall be met. The urban renewal action shall be steadily implemented, the construction of public infrastructure that can serve both normal and emergency purposes and the renovation of urban villages shall be advanced, the underground pipeline network shall be improved at a faster pace, problems such as installing elevators and parking in old residential communities shall be promoted and solved, and the construction of barrier-free and elderly-friendly facilities shall be strengthened.
Jing Puqiu, a CPPCC member and chairwoman of the Shanxi Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce and president of the Shanxi General Chamber of Commerce, said that the real estate-related policies proposed in the report not only address the pain points of rigid housing demand in a targeted manner but also emphasize improving living comfort, which is conducive to promoting the steady operation of the real estate market and accelerating its transformation. Recently, some cities have adjusted and optimized property market regulation policies according to actual conditions. She suggested that localities continue to implement city-specific policies, support the release of rigid and improved housing demand, and help the people realize their "dream of secure housing."
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