The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the National Development and Reform Commission recently jointly issued the "Guidelines for the Construction of Protection and Enhancement Projects for Famous Historical and Cultural Cities and Streets (Trial)," focusing on protection and restoration, style and appearance restoration, improvement of the living environment, upgrading of supporting infrastructure, construction of public cultural facilities, enhancement of firefighting and disaster prevention and mitigation facilities, and smart management, so as to strengthen the management of protection and enhancement projects for national famous historical and cultural cities and streets, and further improve the level of project planning, construction, implementation, and management.
According to the construction guidelines, the construction of protection and enhancement projects for famous historical and cultural cities and streets should be advanced in accordance with the principles of protecting what should be protected, sustaining the cultural context, rational utilization, improving people's livelihood, economic practicality, and safety and aesthetics, and should achieve the "six noes": first, no large-scale, concentrated, contiguous demolition of existing buildings; second, no large-scale addition of construction scale, and no increase in the carrying pressure on resources and the environment; third, no large-scale, compulsory relocation of residents, no change to the social structure, and no severing of the relationship between people, land, and culture; fourth, no arbitrary relocation or demolition of historic buildings and old buildings of preservation value, and no historic buildings left unmanaged and unrepaired, repaired but unused, or idle for a long time; fifth, no destruction of the traditional layout and street and alley texture, no arbitrary straightening or widening of roads, and no building of broad avenues or large plazas; sixth, no destruction of topography and landforms, no felling or transplanting of old trees and existing trees with local characteristics, no cutting into mountains to fill lakes, no arbitrary alteration or encroachment of river and lake water systems, no arbitrary reconstruction of parks of historical value, and no arbitrary changing of old place names.
At the same time, project construction plans and planning designs should be prepared scientifically. The project construction plan should fully consider resource endowments and baseline conditions, determine the implementation scope, clarify the protection baseline, define the protection objects, focus on current problems, propose the overall goals of protection and enhancement, and specify the specific content, types, objects, scale, and areas of construction and implementation. The units preparing the project construction plan and protection plan should possess Grade A qualification in urban and rural planning.
The construction guidelines specify that the construction content of projects should in principle include six aspects: protection, restoration, and adaptive reuse of buildings; protection, restoration, and enhancement of historical style and appearance; improvement of surrounding environmental supporting facilities; enhancement of necessary infrastructure and disaster prevention facilities; construction and enhancement of public cultural facilities; and necessary dynamic monitoring and smart management. Among these, it is proposed that for idle land within the project scope (land other than public open spaces such as parks and plazas), texture repair may be carried out in accordance with planning and design requirements to restore the traditional texture, and necessary buildings may be newly built in a "dental filling" manner to sustain the historical cultural context and shape the overall appearance. Newly built buildings should mainly serve necessary public service facilities and infrastructure functions.
The construction guidelines also specify that during the construction process, projects should properly carry out approval work for planning, design, land use, environmental impact assessment, and construction. Project construction should strictly control the construction scale and perform the relevant approval procedures, implement construction management systems such as the project legal person responsibility system, the bidding and tendering system, the contract management system, and the completion acceptance system, strengthen control over quality, schedule, cost, and safety, standardize construction behavior, and ensure project quality. Project construction units should use aerial photography, video, and other means to properly record the entire construction process, so that after the project is completed, the comparison effects and changes before and after implementation can be appropriately presented.
The competent departments for the protection and management of famous historical and cultural cities and streets where the projects are located should implement the daily inspection and protection management system, incorporate the project implementation status into the archives of historical and cultural streets and historic buildings, strengthen supervision and management of the entire project construction process, and avoid acts that damage historical and cultural heritage. The project construction content should effectively solve the urgent, difficult, anxious, and eagerly anticipated problems of the people, and improve the level of historical and cultural protection and the quality of the living environment.
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